sonikarki

  Environment Analysis Process (पर्यावरण विश्लेषण प्रक्रिया) Introduction (परिचय) Environment analysis is the systematic process of examining the internal and external factors that influence the performance and decision-making of an organization. It helps organizations identify opportunities and threats in the business environment. पर्यावरण विश्लेषण भन्नाले संस्थालाई प्रभाव पार्ने आन्तरिक तथा बाह्य वातावरणीय तत्वहरूको व्यवस्थित अध्ययन गर्ने प्रक्रिया हो। यसले संस्थालाई वातावरणमा रहेका अवसर (opportunities) र चुनौती/खतरा (threats) पहिचान गर्न मद्दत गर्छ। Environment analysis process generally includes four major steps . पर्यावरण विश्लेषण प्रक्रियामा सामान्यतया चार प्रमुख चरणहरू हुन्छन्। 1. Environmental Scanning (पर्यावरण स्क्यानिङ) Environmental scanning is the process of identifying and collecting information about environmental factors that may affect the organization. It helps managers become aware of changes occurring in the business environment. पर्यावरण स्क्यान...

Question Paper – Set 2 Full Marks: 75 Group A (Very Short Answer Questions) 11 × 1 = 11 Marks Answer all questions. What is business environment? Define innovation. What is equity capital? What is human resource? Define company. What is social responsibility? What is insurance contract? Define indirect tax. What is information management? Group B (Short Answer Questions) 8 × 5 = 40 Marks Answer all questions. Explain the dimensions of business: service and commerce. Describe the basics of creative behavior. Explain physical and informational resources of business. Discuss the features of partnership firm. Explain the areas of social responsibility of business. Describe the principles of insurance. Explain the procedure of PAN registration in Nepal. State the importance of office management. Group C (Long Answer Questions) 4 × 8 = 32 Marks Answer all questions. Explain the functions of business and its importance in economic development. Describ...

 

📘 Citation and References in the Text of Report (APA Style) Citation means giving credit to the original author when we use their ideas, words, or research in our report. In business academics of Nepal, APA style is commonly used. Methods of Citation in the Text of report 1. Short Citation (Less than 3 lines) When a quotation is three lines or less , it is written: Inside double quotation marks (“ ”) Within the same paragraph Author’s surname + year + page number in bracket Example: According to Robbins (2019), “Management is the process of coordinating work activities efficiently and effectively” (p. 5). OR “Management is the process of coordinating work activities efficiently and effectively” (Robbins, 2019, p. 5). 2. Long Citation (More than 3 lines) When a quotation is more than three lines : Written in a separate paragraph Indented from left No quotation marks used Author name, year, and page number mentioned Example: Robbins (2019) stated: Managem...

  Meaning of Office  An office is an important place in an organization where administrative, managerial, and clerical activities are carried out. It acts as the center of information, communication, and control of an organization. In an office, tasks such as record keeping, correspondence, filing, planning, decision-making, and coordination are performed to support the smooth functioning of business or institutional activities. The office helps in collecting, processing, storing, and distributing information required by management for effective planning and control. It also serves as a link between different departments and between the organization and the outside world, such as customers, suppliers, and government agencies. Without an office, it would be difficult to maintain discipline, efficiency, and continuity in organizational work. An office may be found in business organizations, schools, colleges, banks, hospitals, industries, and government institutions . Wi...

  Methods of Job Design (कार्य डिजाइनका विधिहरू) परिचय कार्य डिजाइन (Job Design) भनेको संस्थामा गरिने कामलाई यसरी संरचना गर्ने प्रक्रिया हो जसबाट कुन काम कसरी, कति र कसले गर्ने भन्ने कुरा स्पष्ट हुन्छ। राम्रो कार्य डिजाइनले कर्मचारीको क्षमता, सन्तुष्टि, प्रेरणा र उत्पादकता बढाउँछ। कमजोर कार्य डिजाइनले दिक्कपन, अनुपस्थिती र कार्यक्षमतामा कमी ल्याउँछ। त्यसैले आधुनिक व्यवस्थापनमा कार्य डिजाइन अत्यन्त महत्वपूर्ण मानिन्छ। कार्य डिजाइनका प्रमुख विधिहरू निम्न अनुसार छन्: 1. Job Rotation (कार्य परिक्रमा विधि) यस विधिमा कर्मचारीलाई निश्चित समय अन्तरालमा फरक–फरक काममा सारिन्छ । यसले एउटै काम लामो समयसम्म गर्दा आउने दिक्कपन घटाउँछ र कर्मचारीलाई बहु–सीपयुक्त बनाउँछ। साथै आकस्मिक अनुपस्थितिमा पनि काम नरोकिने फाइदा हुन्छ। उदाहरण: बैंक वा उद्योगमा कर्मचारीलाई विभिन्न विभागमा पालैपालो काम गराउनु। 2. Job Enlargement (कार्य विस्तार विधि) यस विधिमा कर्मचारीलाई उही तहका थप कार्यहरू प्रदान गरिन्छ। यसले कामको दायरा बढाउँछ तर अधिकार र जिम्मेवारीको स्तर भने परिवर्तन हुँदैन। यसले कामलाई केही ...